The short answer
The Castlemap atlas maps 115 landmarks in Romania: 53 castles, 30 fortresses, 15 palaces & châteaux and 17 ruins — each with a photo, its story and a page of its own.
Wikidata, the open database this atlas is built from, holds 1,493 items in Romania that are a castle, fortress, fort, château, palace, citadel or fortification of any kind — from a royal residence to a single surviving tower.
Figures published elsewhere often run higher still, because they count vanished sites and every surviving fragment of wall.
Why the numbers differ
What counts as a castle. A hilltop ruin, a fortified manor, a Baroque palace and a 19th-century folly are all “castles” in ordinary speech, and every count draws that line somewhere different.
Standing or vanished. Most fortifications ever raised are gone. A count of sites is a multiple of a count of buildings you can walk into.
Who did the counting. A national heritage register, an enthusiast’s database and an open dataset each stop at a different threshold of evidence.
What this atlas counts
42 of the 115 carry a sourced founding date. They run from c. 50 BC to 1985.
See them all on the map of castles in Romania →