Germany · 9th century
The Neuerburg (German: Burg Neuerburg) is a castle and fortress in the western Eifel mountains in the Enzbach valley above the town of Neuerburg in the county of Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. After being restored from 1926 onwards, it has been used as a Jugendburg.
The first definite record of the hillside castle was in 1132, when a Theoderic of Neuerburg witnessed a deed of gift. The castle was certainly older than that because, in 1270, the Count of Vianden and Herrschaft of Neuerburg were described as an old fief of his house, which he himself was enfeoffed with by the Count of Luxemburg.
An older document about the second Norman invasion of 892 mentions a newly built castle into which the monks of Prüm Abbey fled. But this could refer to any one of several castles in the Eifel region.
The importance of the castle is indicated by the fact that, in 1332, it gave town rights to the town located at its feet. That same year, Frederick III, the last lord of Neuerburg, died. In the following years, its lordship changed hands several times.
Substantial expansion measures, making it more like a fortress, were then carried out between 1513 and 1540 by Dietrich IV, Count of Manderscheid-Blankenheim, Lord of Schleiden, Daun, Neuenstein, Kronenburg and Neuerburg etc. This line of rulers held the castle and its estate until its dissolution by French Revolutionary troops in 1794, when the bastions were built as part of the expansion measures for artillery. Particularly noteworthy is the transition from round bastions (southwest bastions) to polygonal bastions (northern bastions), which took place during this construction phase. The wall thicknesses were increased as part of this building work until they finally reached about 5.5 metres. This process is unusual for such an old castle, as it was now built like a fortress. Nevertheless, a residential wing was added.
Its importance as a fortress is emphasized, especially during the Thirty Years' War (1618 to 1648), because at the outset it was repaired and stocked with munitions and then made ready to defend against Swedish, Dutch, Irish, Polish and French troops. However, the Luxembourg troops who were garrisoned for its defence behaved so badly that even they had to be defended against. The castle, however, prevented these troops from pillaging.
Text adapted from “Neuerburg (castle)” on Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Neuerburg ranks #6,810 of 9,079 worldwide in the atlas's castle fame ranking, and #605 of the 711 mapped in Germany. Founded 892, it is older than 94% of the atlas's dated landmarks — one of 88 atlas entries founded in the 9th century. 14 more atlas landmarks stand within 25 km. The nearest day-trip guide is Trier, 38 km away. It is one of the 51 landmarks on the atlas's regional map of the Moselle. See how Germany compares in the castle statistics.
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