Fortress of Niha

The Fortress of Niha (also called Cave of Tyron in Frankish sources and Chquif Tayroun in Arabic sources) is an ancient fortress in Lebanon, first mentioned in historical records in 975 AD. It is located in the municipality of Niha Chouf in Lebanon, and is today visited as cultural heritage in the Shouf Cedar Nature Reserve.

Carved into the rock of a cliff overlooking the Bisri and 'Aray valley, the Fortress of Niha overlooks the road between Sidon and the Beqaa Valley. It was first mentioned in 975 AD and then again in 1133. Control over the fortress alternated between the Crusaders and local Muslims until its destruction in 1261. In 1270, the Mamluk leader Baibars ordered it rebuilt. In 1585, the Emir Qorqomaz Maan probably took refuge in it briefly before his death. It is alleged that the Emir Fakhr-al-Din II also found refuge there before he was executed by the Pasha of Damascus in 1635, but it might more probably have been his father Emir Korkomaz, in 1584.

Shaped like a cave over a hundred meters deep, the fortress features chambers and rooms which were excavated in order to shelter soldiers and as depots for domestic work.

Tekst overgenomen uit “Fortress of Niha” op de Engelstalige Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Fortress of Niha staat op plaats 3.858 van 5.793 in de bekendheidsranglijst van deze atlas en op plaats 12 van de 14 die de atlas in Libanon in kaart brengt. Gebouwd in 975, en daarmee ouder dan 95% van de gedateerde bouwwerken in de atlas — een van de 62 bouwwerken in de atlas die uit de 10e eeuw stammen. Zie hoe dat zich verhoudt in de kastelenstatistiek.

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