Tongwan

Tongwancheng (Chinese: 統萬城; pinyin: Tǒngwànchéng; Wade–Giles: T‘ung3-wan4-chêng2) was the capital of the Xiongnu-led Hu Xia dynasty in northern China during the Sixteen Kingdoms period in the early 5th century. The city is at the southern edge of the Maowusu Sands of the Ordos Desert, on what was formerly a strategic site in the center of the Ordos Plateau. Tongwancheng, which means the "city ruling ten thousand", is the largest urban center of the Southern Xiongnu that has ever been found. The city's ruins are well preserved and located in Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province, near the border with Inner Mongolia. The city has been surveyed and has had some elements restored, but not yet fully excavated.

Due to the worsening desertification around the city and other factors, in 994 the Emperor Taizong ordered the destruction of the city and the relocation of its residents. Tongwancheng gradually fell into ruin and was completely abandoned by the early Ming dynasty. In 1845, the ruins of Tongwancheng were rediscovered, and they were formally identified in 1956. In 1996, Tongwancheng was listed as a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level.

Tekst overgenomen uit “Tongwancheng” op de Engelstalige Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Tongwan staat op plaats 1.811 van 5.793 in de bekendheidsranglijst van deze atlas en op plaats 42 van de 120 die de atlas in China in kaart brengt. Gebouwd in 419, en daarmee ouder dan 98% van de gedateerde bouwwerken in de atlas — een van de 13 bouwwerken in de atlas die uit de 5e eeuw stammen. Zie hoe dat zich verhoudt in de kastelenstatistiek.

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