Round Tower (Mardakan)

The Round Mardakan Fortress or the Small Mardakan Castle (Azerbaijani: Dairəvi Mərdəkan qalası, or Kiçik Mərdəkan qəsri; Persian: قلعه گرد مردکان, or قلعه کوچک مردکان) is a historical and architectural monument located in the Mardakan settlement of the Khazar district in Baku. By the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, it was included in the list of historical and cultural monuments of world importance. In 2001, together with other coastal defence facilities of the Caspian Sea, it was included in the UNESCO World Heritage Reserve List.

The inscription (kitabe) on the castle's donjon says that it was built in 1232 by the architect Iranian Abdulmajid ibn Masud at the order of the Iranian Shirvanshah Fariburz III.

During the construction of the castle, lime mortar and local limestone were used. The Round Mardakan castle on plan consists of a central tower surrounded by powerful walls of 7 meters high supported by blind towers on the sides. The diameter of the tower is 7.6 m, the thickness of the walls on the lower floor is 2 m. Inside, the tower is divided into three tiers covered with stone flat domes. In the thickness of the wall of the third floor there is a small sanitary niche with a drain brought out to the outside.

ウィキペディア「Round Mardakan Fortress」より引用、CC BY-SA 4.0。

Round Tower (Mardakan)は、アトラスの城の知名度ランキングで世界2,270位（全3,734件中）、アゼルバイジャンの23件では12位にランクされています。1232年に創建され、アトラスの年代判明済みの城の76%より古い城です（13世紀に創建されたアトラス収録の397件のひとつ）。アゼルバイジャンが他とどう比べられるかは、城の統計をご覧ください。

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