Gingee Fort

Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Chanchi, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, India is one of the surviving forts in Tamil Nadu, India. It is popularly known as Great Wall of South India. It lies in Villupuram District, 160 kilometres (99 mi) from the state capital, Chennai, and is close to the Union Territory of Puducherry. It is ranked as the "most impregnable fortress in India", and was called the "Troy of the East" by the British.

Originally mentioned as the territory of a Kadava chieftain titled Senjiyar Kon in Ottakoothar's Moovarula around 1123 AD. The fort was originally built by Ananda kon around 11th century AD. The fort was built as a strategic place of fending off any invading armies. As per one account, the fort was further fortified during the 15–16th century. The fort was won for Swarajya by Subedar Harji Rajemahadik for the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 AD. It was then conquered by the Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, the Carnatic Nawabs, the French and finally the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.

The Gingee Fort complex is on three hillocks: Krishnagiri to the north, Rajagiri or Anandagiri to the west and Chakilidurg to the southeast. The three hills together constitute a fort complex, each having a separate and self-contained citadel. The fort walls are 13 km (8.1 mi) and the three hills are connected by walls enclosing an area of 11 square kilometres (4.2 mi2). It was built at a height of 800 feet (240 m) and protected by an 80 feet (24 m) wide moat. The complex has a seven-storeyed Kalyana Mahal(marriage hall)which has a pyramidical shikhara or summit on top, granaries, prison cells, and a temple dedicated to its presiding goddess called Chenjiamman.

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Gingee Fortは、アトラスの城の知名度ランキングで世界683位（全3,734件中）、インドの102件では32位にランクされています。約1050年に創建され、アトラスの年代判明済みの城の92%より古い城です（11世紀に創建されたアトラス収録の146件のひとつ）。インドが他とどう比べられるかは、城の統計をご覧ください。

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